I received this error message when I went on to download the KB4020102 update. Searching for 0x8024a105 as suggested there did not really help. Since Windows had suggested that I search for this error code, I expected to see a post by Microsoft explaining why this error occurred and what was the definitive solution; but unfortunately, I was left at the mercy of the Internet. This error code is not listed in the Windows Updates error codes list. All I could find out is that it is probably something related to the Automatic Updates client.
Fix Windows Update Error Code 0x8024a105
Well, if you receive this error when downloading Windows Update here are a few things you could try.
1] Click on Retry or Restart PC
I did click on the Retry button right away and even after some 15 minutes a few times, but it did not help me. What helped me was this! I simply decided to reboot by PC and used a different connection. Instead of my regular cabled Internet connection, I used my WiFi connection. That’s it! Windows started downloading the updates. Now if this helps you, great; else you may need to troubleshoot further. You may try these suggestions and see what works for you.
2] Clear contents of SoftwareDistribution folder
Flush the SoftwareDistribution folder and see if that works for you.
3] Reset Catroot2 folder
Reset the Catroot2 folder and try again.
4] Run Windows Update Troubleshooter
Run the Windows Update Troubleshooter and then try to run Windows Update again. It will also reset Windows Update components.
5] Reset Windows Update Agent
Automatically Reset Windows Update Agent to default and check.
6] More suggestions
This post offers more suggestions if Windows Update will not download or fail to install.
7] Use an ISO if possible
If you were using Windows Update to update your version of Windows to a newer version of Windows, try using its .ISO file and carry out a build-to-build upgrade.
As I mentioned, in my case, simply restarting the PC and changing the Internet connection helped me, and I was able to download & install the Windows Updates successfully.
Let us know what worked for you. All the best!